What is an elevator ?

Various types of elevator in terms of its application and thrust mechanism

Nowadays massive changes have taken place in the fields such as industry, computer as well as applications. Due to these changes, there has been a significant progress in all different sections. By pressing a key, you call a metal box to transport you from a floor to a different one. In fact, for a building that has more than four to five floors it is essential to install an elevator. It provides for most people an easiness and comfort and it makes the life easier for those who are physically disabled or elderly. Cabin news discusses about the concept of elevator, performance and its different types.

What is an elevator (lift)?

An elevator is a permanent device in the building that generally works with tensile-friction actuator system, positive or hydraulic thrust and serves between the different floors of the building. It possess a cabin that is designed to transfer people (passenger elevator) or people and load (passenger elevator-freight elevator) and it floats through wire ropes, chains or jacks and moves vertically between the guiding rails with a maximum deviation of 15 degrees. In fact, the elevators are the equipment for vertical transportation.

One can say that the first design of this device have been presented by Atwood, the English scientist and mathematician. Atwood’s machine consist of two weight that were connected to each other by a thread and moved up and down on one or two pulley.

Different types of elevator in terms of thrust mechanism

  • Electric elevators
  • Tensile-friction elevators
  • Winch elevators
  • Chain elevators
  • Hydraulic elevators
  • Rack and pinion elevators
  • Screw elevators
  • Cross bar elevators
  • Pneumatic elevators
  • Spiral elevators
  • Rigid chain elevators
  • Elevators with linear induction motor

Tensile-friction elevators

It is an elevator that its tensile steel wires, starts to move due to the friction inside the groove of the actuator system.

Positive thrust elevator

An elevator that is directly (other than friction) moves through the rope-collecting cylinder and steel wires or sprocket and chains.

Hydraulic elevator

The lifting power is provided through the electro pump in this elevator, which transfers the hydraulic fluid to the jack. The jack can connect to the cabin directly or indirectly (it may use multiple motor, pump or jack).

Hydraulic elevator with direct performance

In this type of elevators, the piston or cylinder is directly connected to its cabin or yoke.

Hydraulic elevator with indirect performance

In this type of elevators, the piston or cylinder id connected to the cabin or yoke through hanging tools (steel wires, chains).

Pneumatic elevators

This elevator can be designed by an external cylinder and the first cylinder is the crystalized self-support cylinder. This cylinder consists of modular parts that are placed one by one without any labor. The upper parts of this pipe is designed by metal materials that ensures air sealing through suction valves as well as inlets. One cabin of the elevator moves inside the cylinder. The head unit on the upper cylinder level contains valves, controllers and turbines to control the movements of this device. As compared to the traditional elevators, the pneumatic elevators have a very simple structure and performance and their maintenance is very easy too. As for the main advantages of using these elevators, we can refer to their strong and flowing design, speed and flexibility, energy saving and safety. In the following, you can see the images of some elevators that could be interesting for you.

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